The physical properties of silicon powderThe main quality indicators of silicon powder are its SiO content and fineness. SiO: The higher the content and finer the fineness, the better its modification effect on concrete. Due to different testing methods in different countries, their regulations on the main quality indicators of silicon powder are also different (1) Silicon powder is a very fine powder, mainly composed of amorphous silica with extremely fine particles (0.1-0.2 bucket meters). Its average particle size is 100 times smaller than cement, and its specific surface area is about 15-20m2/g (2) Because silicon is obtained by condensation from steam, its powder has a spherical shape (3) This powder contains over 85% to 95% glassy active silica (4) The density of silicon powder is 2.2-2.59/cm3, and the bulk density is 200-300kg/in5 The effect of silicon powder added to concrete on newly mixed hardened concrete is related to the above characteristics. The physical properties of silica fume determine that the small particles of silica fume have a high degree of dispersion, which can be fully filled between cement particles to improve the compactness of the hardened slurry

Construction of silica fume concrete

What are the characteristics and uses of ferromanganese alloys Ferromanganese is mainly an alloy of manganese and iron, including elements such as carbon and silicon. According to the different carbon content, ferromanganese can be divided into medium carbon ferromanganese and low carbon ferromanganese. The alloy containing enough manganese and silicon is manganese silicon alloy, and manganese silicon alloy is composed of silicon, manganese and other minor impurities Manganese in ferromanganese alloy is an essential element in the steel industry. As the saying goes, "No steel without manganese." About 80% of manganese is used as Oxygen scavenger for steelmaking, which can refine the grain of steel and improve the hardenability of steel; Manganese is also commonly used as an alloying agent, which can enhance the atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel and improve its malleability and rolling ability. Wear resistant high manganese steel is widely used to manufacture equipment components of Excavator and crushers. When smelting stainless steel, manganese can replace the scarce metal nickel. Manganese silicon alloy is a composite Oxygen scavenger and alloying element additive for steelmaking. The deoxygenation product formed by deoxidation with manganese silicon alloy has a low melting point and is easy to float

What is metallic silicon Metal silicon, also known as crystalline silicon or industrial silicon, is mainly used as an additive for non-ferrous alloys. Silicon is a non-metallic element, gray in color, metallic in color, hard and brittle in nature. The content of silicon accounts for approximately 26% of the crustal mass; The relative atomic mass is 28.80; The density is 2.339/cm3; The melting point is 1410. C; Boiling point is 2355 ℃; The resistivity is 214012 · m According to the content of iron, aluminum, and calcium in metal silicon, it can be divided into different grades such as 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101, etc The additional products of metal silicon include silicon powder, edge silicon, black silicon, metal silicon slag, etc. Silicon micro powder, also known as silicon powder, micro silicon powder, or silica fume, is widely used in the refractory and concrete industries Silicon metal (Si) is an industrial purified elemental silicon mainly used for producing silicon, producing high-purity semiconductor materials, and preparing alloys with special applications. In the refractory industry, it is mainly used as an antioxidant. The main applications of metal silicon in industry are as follows (1) Production of silicone rubber, silicone resin, silicone oil, etc.Silicone rubber has good elasticity and high temperature resistance, and is used for making medical supplies, high-temperature gaskets, etc. Silicone resin is used in the production of insulation coatings, high-temperature coatings, etc Silicone oil is an oily substance whose viscosity is less affected by temperature. It is used in the production of lubricants, polishes, fluid springs, dielectric liquids, etc. It can also be processed into colorless and transparent liquids, which can be sprayed on building surfaces as waterproof agents (2) Manufacturing high-purity semiconductorsModern large-scale integrated circuits are almost all made of high-purity metal silicon, and high-purity metal silicon is still the main raw material for producing optical fibers. It can be said that metal silicon has become the fundamental pillar industry of the information age. (3) Preparation of alloySilicon aluminum alloy is a large amount of silicon alloy. Silicon aluminum alloy is a strong composite Oxygen scavenger. Replacing pure aluminum in steelmaking can improve the utilization rate of Oxygen scavenger, purify molten steel and improve steel quality. Silicon aluminum alloy has low density, low coefficient of thermal expansion, good casting and wear resistance. The alloy castings cast with it have high impact resistance and good high-pressure compactness, which can greatly improve their service life. It is commonly used in the production of aerospace and automotive components Silicon copper alloy has good welding performance and is less prone to sparks when subjected to impact. It has explosion-proof function and can be used to make storage tanks Adding silicon to steel to make silicon steel sheets can greatly improve its magnetic conductivity, reduce hysteresis and eddy current losses, and can be used to manufacture iron cores for transformers and motors, thereby improving their performance With the development of science and technology, the application field of metallic silicon will further expand. The main production areas of metallic silicon include Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi in the southwest region, Hunan and Hubei in central China, Fujian in eastern China, Heihe and Linjiang areas in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning in the northeast region, and Inner Mongolia

Preparation technology of metal siliconMetal silicon can also be referred to as metallurgical silicon, coarse silicon, or industrial silicon. In terms of crystal structure, metal silicon is also in a polycrystalline state, with a purity of about 98%~99%. It is mainly used as an additive for steel and other silicon products, with a small amount (about 2%) of metallic silicon further purified to prepare solar grade and semiconductor grade polycrystalline silicon The raw material of metallic silicon, quartz sand, is a form of SiO. In order to improve the purity of metal silicon and reduce production costs, there are generally certain purity requirements for the raw material of metal silicon - quartz ore, and not all quartz sand can be used as the raw material for silicon materials The preparation of metallic silicon generally uses an electric arc furnace, with raw materials consisting of quartz sand and coke or charcoal with a purity of around 98% to 99%. At around 2000 ℃, a reduction reaction can generate metallic silicon, with the main reaction formula beingSiO23C -- SiC2C0 (3.8)2SiCSiO2--3Si2C0 (3.9)From equations (3.8) and (3.9), it can be seen that in addition to generating silicon, a large amount of harmful CO gas is also produced, which neutralizes oxygen in the air and further generates a large amount of CO2, becoming a harmful gas that pollutes the environment, As shown in the following equation:2C002--2C02 (3.10)Figure 3.3 shows a schematic diagram of the preparation of metallic silicon. From the figure, it can be seen that carbon electrodes are generally used to generate an arc, which generates molten silicon at high temperatures. After being collected, it is metallic silicon. At the same time, slag is generated at the bottom of the furnace, and CO2 overflows on the surface The preparation of metal silicon is relatively energy-efficient and can also cause air pollution. Therefore, how to reduce energy consumption and how to reduce CO2 emissions are currently the focus of research. In addition, in selecting quartz raw materials, how to minimize B and P impurities is also a noteworthy issue

The physical properties of silicon powderThe main quality indicators of silicon powder are its SiO2 content and fineness. The higher the SiO2 content and the finer the fineness, the better its modification effect on concrete. Due to different testing methods in different countries, their regulations on the main quality indicators of silicon powder are also different (1) Silicon powder is a very fine powder, mainly composed of amorphous silica with extremely fine particles (0.1-0.2um). Its average particle size is 100 times smaller than cement, and its specific surface area is about 15-20m2/g (2) Because silicon is obtained by condensation from steam, its powder has a spherical shape (3) This powder contains over 85% -95% active silica in the glass state (4) The density of silicon powder is 2.2-2.59/cm3, and the bulk density is 200-300kg/m3 The effect of silicon powder added to concrete on newly mixed hardened concrete is related to the above characteristics. The physical properties of silica fume determine that the small particles of silica fume have a high degree of dispersion, which can be fully filled between cement particles to improve the compactness of the hardened slurry 2. Chemical PropertiesSilicon powder generally contains over 90% SiO2, and most of it is amorphous silicon dioxide. Its composition varies depending on the alloy variety.. The chemical composition of silicon powder produced in some regions of China is shown in Table 4.5-3 According to Table 4.5-3-1, the main chemical composition of silica fume is amorphous amorphous amorphous silica (SiO:), which generally accounts for over 90%. High fineness amorphous SiO: It has high Volcanic ash activity, that is, under the alkaline excitation of the cement hydration product Calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) z), SiOz can quickly react with Ca (OH): to generate calcium silicate hydrate gel (C-S-H), improve the strength of concrete and improve the performance of concrete Silicon powder is a type of fly ash collected from smoke and dust during the smelting of ferrosilicon alloy or metallic silicon in ferroalloy factories. The particles of silicon powder are mainly spherical, with a particle size of 1um smaller and an average particle size of about 0.1um. The specific surface area measured by nitrogen adsorption method reaches 180000cm2/g, which is two orders of magnitude finer than cement particles The main component of silicon powder is amorphous SiO2. Similar to pulverized coal, silica fume can react with Ca (oH) 2 produced by cement hydration to form C.S.H gel. Due to the extremely high SiO2 content of silica fume (usually used in high-strength concrete, the SiO content of silica fume is more than 85%), it has extremely high Volcanic ash activity, which is particularly beneficial to the strength development of concrete in the early and middle stages In addition, when it is uniformly distributed in the hydration products, its extremely fine particles also have a good micro filling effect, making the pore structure of the concrete fully dense The above two characteristics significantly improve the strength and durability of high-performance concrete

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